Context: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a single chain oxidoreductase that catalyzes tryptophan degradation to kynurenine. In cancer, it appears to exert an immunosuppressive function as part of an acquired mechanism of immune escape mediated by the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and survival and by the induction of FoxP3 T regulatory cells. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate IDO1 expression in thyroid carcinoma and demonstrate its immunosuppressive function in the context of thyroid tumors. Setting: IDO1 expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR in 105 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), 11medullarythyroid carcinomas, six anaplastic thyroid carcinomas,andfive thyroidcarcinomacell lines (TCCLs), by immunohistochemistry in 55 PTCs and by Western blotting in five TCCLs. FoxP3 Treg lymphocyte density was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 29 PTCs. IDO1 inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation was tested in coculture experiments of TCCLs and activated lymphocytes. Results: IDO1 mRNA expression resulted significantly higher in all the analyzed thyroid carcinoma histotypes compared with normal thyroid. Interestingly, an increase of IDO1 mRNA expression magnitude could be observed with gain of aggressiveness (PTCs and medullary thyroid carcinomas anaplastic thyroid carcinomas). In PTCs, IDO1mRNAexpression magnitude correlated with IDO1 immunostaining intensity in cancer cells and with FoxP3 Treg lymphocyte density in the tumor microenvironment. IDO1 was expressed inhumanthyroid cancer cell lines in vitro, and FTC-133 cells showedhigh kynurenine concentration in the conditionedmediumanda strong suppressive action on the proliferation of activated lymphocytes in coculture experiments. Conclusions: For the first time, this study demonstrates a pivotal role of IDO1 in the suppression of lymphocyte function in thyroid carcinoma microenvironment. © 2014 by the Endocrine Society.
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is up-regulated in thyroid carcinoma and drives the development of an immunosuppressant tumor microenvironment
Melillo RM;Santoro M;
2014
Abstract
Context: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a single chain oxidoreductase that catalyzes tryptophan degradation to kynurenine. In cancer, it appears to exert an immunosuppressive function as part of an acquired mechanism of immune escape mediated by the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and survival and by the induction of FoxP3 T regulatory cells. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate IDO1 expression in thyroid carcinoma and demonstrate its immunosuppressive function in the context of thyroid tumors. Setting: IDO1 expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR in 105 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), 11medullarythyroid carcinomas, six anaplastic thyroid carcinomas,andfive thyroidcarcinomacell lines (TCCLs), by immunohistochemistry in 55 PTCs and by Western blotting in five TCCLs. FoxP3 Treg lymphocyte density was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 29 PTCs. IDO1 inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation was tested in coculture experiments of TCCLs and activated lymphocytes. Results: IDO1 mRNA expression resulted significantly higher in all the analyzed thyroid carcinoma histotypes compared with normal thyroid. Interestingly, an increase of IDO1 mRNA expression magnitude could be observed with gain of aggressiveness (PTCs and medullary thyroid carcinomas anaplastic thyroid carcinomas). In PTCs, IDO1mRNAexpression magnitude correlated with IDO1 immunostaining intensity in cancer cells and with FoxP3 Treg lymphocyte density in the tumor microenvironment. IDO1 was expressed inhumanthyroid cancer cell lines in vitro, and FTC-133 cells showedhigh kynurenine concentration in the conditionedmediumanda strong suppressive action on the proliferation of activated lymphocytes in coculture experiments. Conclusions: For the first time, this study demonstrates a pivotal role of IDO1 in the suppression of lymphocyte function in thyroid carcinoma microenvironment. © 2014 by the Endocrine Society.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
