Re.Ger.O.P.: An Integrated Project for the Recovery of Ancient and Rare Olive Germplasm

The olive tree is one of the most important economic, cultural, and environmentalresources for Italy, in particular for the Apulian region, where it shows a wide diversity.The increasing attention to the continuous loss of plant genetic diversity due to social,economic and climatic changes, has favored a renewed interest in strategies aimed at therecovery and conservation of these genetic resources. In the frame of a project for thevalorization of the olive Apulian biodiversity (Re.Ger.O.P. project), 177 minor genotypeswere recovered in different territories of the region. They were submitted to morphological,molecular, technological and phytosanitary status analysis in comparison with referencecultivars, then they were propagated and transferred in an ex situ field. All the availableinformation was stored in an internal regional database including photographicdocumentation and geographic position. The work allowed obtaining information aboutthe genetic diversity of Apulian germplasm, to clarify cases of homonymy and synonymy,to check the sanitary status, and to identify candidate genotypes useful both to set upbreeding programs and to enrich the panel of olive cultivars available to farmers forcommercial exploitation.