Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population of stem cells able to differentiate into mature osteoblasts, are part of a niche, in which their crosstalk with endothelial cells is important in the cellular response to biomaterials used in restorative practice. Endothelial cells are equally important in bone regeneration, given their role in producing modulators of bone development and maintaining vascular homeostasis. DPSCs were co-cultured with the endothelial cell line EA.hy926 in presence of two new kinds of biomaterial for both dentistry and orthopedic applications: Chitlac-coated BisGMA/TEGDMA thermosets and alginate/hydroxyapatite-based (Alg/Hap) nanocomposite scaffolds. Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were investigated by MTT assay and LDH release; the osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, performing alizarin red staining and quantifying the expression of procollagen and bone sialoprotein II (BSPII). The formation of new vessels was monitored by optical microscopy. Whwn cultured together, the proliferation of both cell types is increased, as well as DPSC osteogenic differentiation and EA.hy926 vessel formation. Chitlac-coated thermosets show low cytotoxicity and their presence appears to further increase ALP activity and alizarin red staining, and to lead to the formation of thicker vessels by EA.hy926 cells. Alg/Hap scaffolds are also able to enhance the osteogenic potential of the co-culture system, as demonstrated by the increase in ALP activity and in procollagen and BSPII expression. In conclusion, both biomaterials seem to have a potential role in restorative dentistry and the DPSCs/endothelial cells co-culture could be considered a useful tool to investigate the biocompatibility and the engraftment potential of novel biomaterials.
Testing the biocompatibility of innovative biomaterials on a co-culture of dental pulp stem cells and endothelial cells
M Rapino;
2019
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population of stem cells able to differentiate into mature osteoblasts, are part of a niche, in which their crosstalk with endothelial cells is important in the cellular response to biomaterials used in restorative practice. Endothelial cells are equally important in bone regeneration, given their role in producing modulators of bone development and maintaining vascular homeostasis. DPSCs were co-cultured with the endothelial cell line EA.hy926 in presence of two new kinds of biomaterial for both dentistry and orthopedic applications: Chitlac-coated BisGMA/TEGDMA thermosets and alginate/hydroxyapatite-based (Alg/Hap) nanocomposite scaffolds. Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were investigated by MTT assay and LDH release; the osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, performing alizarin red staining and quantifying the expression of procollagen and bone sialoprotein II (BSPII). The formation of new vessels was monitored by optical microscopy. Whwn cultured together, the proliferation of both cell types is increased, as well as DPSC osteogenic differentiation and EA.hy926 vessel formation. Chitlac-coated thermosets show low cytotoxicity and their presence appears to further increase ALP activity and alizarin red staining, and to lead to the formation of thicker vessels by EA.hy926 cells. Alg/Hap scaffolds are also able to enhance the osteogenic potential of the co-culture system, as demonstrated by the increase in ALP activity and in procollagen and BSPII expression. In conclusion, both biomaterials seem to have a potential role in restorative dentistry and the DPSCs/endothelial cells co-culture could be considered a useful tool to investigate the biocompatibility and the engraftment potential of novel biomaterials.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
