SCOPE: Gluten from the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (TM) has low content of immunostimulatory sequences and a high gastro-intestinal digestibility. We analysed gluten-reactive T cells elicited by diploid and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum-TA) wheat in celiac disease (CD) patients upon a brief oral challenge. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventeen patients with CD (median age 13 years) consumed for 3-days sandwiches made with TM (cultivar Norberto-ID331, N = 11), or TA (cultivar Sagittario, N = 11) flours, corresponding to 12 gr of gluten/die. Immunostimulatory properties were assessed in blood by measuring the IFN-?-secreting T cells by EliSpot and the expression of inflammatory cytokines/receptors (IL-12A, IL-15, IL-18RAP, IFN-?) by qPCR. TA mobilized a remarkable number of gliadin specific, IFN-?-secreting T cells (p < 0.05), whilst no significant cell mobilization was induced by TM (p = ns). Similar results were obtained in response to five immunogenic peptides from ?-, ?-, and ?-gliadins, although with a large individual variability. An increased mRNA expression for IL-12A and IFN-? was detected in group eating TA compared to those consuming TM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although Triticum monococcum is a cereal not suitable for the diet of celiacs, we demonstrated that this diploid wheat elicits a reduced in vivo T-cell response compared to Triticum aestivum in celiac patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
In Celiac Disease Patients the In Vivo Challenge with the Diploid Triticum monococcum Elicits a Reduced Immune Response Compared to Hexaploid Wheat
Picascia S;Camarca A;Mamone G;Gianfrani C
2020
Abstract
SCOPE: Gluten from the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (TM) has low content of immunostimulatory sequences and a high gastro-intestinal digestibility. We analysed gluten-reactive T cells elicited by diploid and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum-TA) wheat in celiac disease (CD) patients upon a brief oral challenge. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventeen patients with CD (median age 13 years) consumed for 3-days sandwiches made with TM (cultivar Norberto-ID331, N = 11), or TA (cultivar Sagittario, N = 11) flours, corresponding to 12 gr of gluten/die. Immunostimulatory properties were assessed in blood by measuring the IFN-?-secreting T cells by EliSpot and the expression of inflammatory cytokines/receptors (IL-12A, IL-15, IL-18RAP, IFN-?) by qPCR. TA mobilized a remarkable number of gliadin specific, IFN-?-secreting T cells (p < 0.05), whilst no significant cell mobilization was induced by TM (p = ns). Similar results were obtained in response to five immunogenic peptides from ?-, ?-, and ?-gliadins, although with a large individual variability. An increased mRNA expression for IL-12A and IFN-? was detected in group eating TA compared to those consuming TM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although Triticum monococcum is a cereal not suitable for the diet of celiacs, we demonstrated that this diploid wheat elicits a reduced in vivo T-cell response compared to Triticum aestivum in celiac patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.