Rockfall susceptibility and seismically induced rockfall susceptibility at regional and national scale

Three-dimensional model for rockfalls Assumes point-like boulders Simulates trajectories from user-defined starting points Simulated trajectories: falling, bouncing, rolling Boulders stop when kinetic energy is exhausted by friction Input: digital elevation model (here, 10 m national DEM, 300,000 km2) Ancillary data: terrain geological/lithological information => terrain parameters (friction, restitution coefficients) => Usually applied at slope/catchment scale with static sources (susceptibility maps) => We run STONE at national scale, and select sources dynamically (specific trigger)