The assessment of risk and effect size of a specific endpoint associated to the presence/absence of a certain exposure is a hallmark in clinical and epidemiological research. In fact, before recommending any treatment, it is mandatory to investigate the magnitude of the benefits and harms between the exposure under investigation (e.g. a given treatment) and a specific disease or event. To do this, clinicians and statisticians use absolute (risk differences, number needed to treat, likelihood to be helped or harmed) and relative (risk ratio, incidence rate ratio, hazard ratio and odds ratio) measures of effect. Herein, using a series of clinical examples, we aim to present a step by step methodologic approach of measures of effect in the area of nephrology and urology.
Measures of frequency and effect in clinical research
D'Arrigo GraziellaCo-primo
;Gori MercedesCo-primo
;Pitino Annalisa;Tripepi GiovanniCo-ultimo
2023
Abstract
The assessment of risk and effect size of a specific endpoint associated to the presence/absence of a certain exposure is a hallmark in clinical and epidemiological research. In fact, before recommending any treatment, it is mandatory to investigate the magnitude of the benefits and harms between the exposure under investigation (e.g. a given treatment) and a specific disease or event. To do this, clinicians and statisticians use absolute (risk differences, number needed to treat, likelihood to be helped or harmed) and relative (risk ratio, incidence rate ratio, hazard ratio and odds ratio) measures of effect. Herein, using a series of clinical examples, we aim to present a step by step methodologic approach of measures of effect in the area of nephrology and urology.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
s11255-023-03626-w (1).pdf
accesso aperto
Tipologia:
Versione Editoriale (PDF)
Licenza:
Creative commons
Dimensione
475.18 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
475.18 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.