Road traffic is assumed to be a major risk factor for respiratory diseases. CNR performed a project to analyse the effects of traffic on a sample of students of Palermo (Italy). An epidemiological survey was conducted in several schools, also by means of a questionnaire. Information on health status, as well as life style and individual perception of exposure, were gathered. A simulation model to assess road traffic was developed and an estimated mean number of vehicles travelling on each road tract was obtained. Mapping of subjects and of schools was performed by GPS; acquired points were integrated in numeric cartography. Estimated road traffic values around subjects' residences and around schools were then used to compute each subject exposure, taking care of the percentage of time spent at home or at school. Finally, subjects were classified into four classes, depending on individual exposure, and statistical analysis was conducted on main respiratory symptoms and diseases. No statistically significant association was found between traffic exposure and respiratory symptoms or diseases.
Il traffico autoveicolare è ritenuto uno dei principali fattori di rischio per le malattie respiratorie. Il CNR ha svolto un progetto per l'analisi degli effetti del traffico su un campione della popolazione scolastica della città di Palermo. Una campagna di indagine epidemiologica è stata svolta in alcune scuole cittadine, con somministrazione di un questionario ai partecipanti. Sono state raccolte informazioni sullo stato di salute, lo stile di vita e la percezione dell'esposizione. Per quantificare il traffico nelle vie cittadine è stato utilizzato un modello di simulazione che ha fornito una stima del numero medio di veicoli in transito sui principali tratti di strada del territorio comunale. La mappatura dei soggetti e delle sedi scolastiche è stata ottenuta mediante GPS ed i punti acquisiti sono stati integrati con la cartografia numerica stradale. Per il calcolo dell'esposizione individuale è stato considerato il traffico autoveicolare all'intorno delle abitazioni e delle sedi scolastiche, attribuendo pesi diversi in relazione al tempo stimato di permanenza casa-scuola. Con riferimento all'esposizione individuale i soggetti sono stati classificati in quattro classi distinte e sono state condotte le analisi statistiche sui principali sintomi e malattie respiratorie; non sono state evidenziate associazioni statisticamente significative con l'esposizione al traffico.
Traffico veicolare e salute: un'indagine sanitaria con uso di tecnologia GIS
Della Maggiore R;Fresco R;Cibella F
2008
Abstract
Road traffic is assumed to be a major risk factor for respiratory diseases. CNR performed a project to analyse the effects of traffic on a sample of students of Palermo (Italy). An epidemiological survey was conducted in several schools, also by means of a questionnaire. Information on health status, as well as life style and individual perception of exposure, were gathered. A simulation model to assess road traffic was developed and an estimated mean number of vehicles travelling on each road tract was obtained. Mapping of subjects and of schools was performed by GPS; acquired points were integrated in numeric cartography. Estimated road traffic values around subjects' residences and around schools were then used to compute each subject exposure, taking care of the percentage of time spent at home or at school. Finally, subjects were classified into four classes, depending on individual exposure, and statistical analysis was conducted on main respiratory symptoms and diseases. No statistically significant association was found between traffic exposure and respiratory symptoms or diseases.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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