Virgin olive oils (VOOs) merceological, sensorial, and nutritional quality factors have been widely investigated in the last decades. While the effects of genetic, transformation related and agronomic factors on quality oil production seem clear, more uncertainties or discordant results show the influence of cultivation environment and, in particular, of soil characteristics and climatic conditions [1,2]. We present the research results of the last three years on chemical and nutritional characteristics of monovarietal VOOs of some of the varieties included in the PDO 'Sardegna'. Within these varieties, genetic groups expressed some specific characteristics (phenolic profile, fatty acid or sterolic composition) and may contribute in different way to the quality of VOOs: high content of polar phenols, particularly secoiridoids; high content in oleic acid and MUFA/PUFA ratio. Local cultivars have proved also to be a good source of squalene and sterols. Furthermore, datasets of specific cultivars were analyzed to verify the influence cultivation environment on VOOs quality. VOOs from Sardinia (Italy) were studied through an NMR-based metabolomics approach, in order to distinguish the samples based on the olive growing areas, classified on the basis of FAO-UNEP. NMR profiling presents a connection between environmental factors of Sardinian cultivation areas and the chemical composition of EVOO. An NMR-based metabolomic approach that uses six "one-to-one" OPLS-DA models allowed us to discriminate the different influence of evapotranspiration, solar exposure, and altitude on the chemical composition of VOOs [3]. Regarding the influence of soil composition on quality oil, statistical filtering was used to identify year influence on data, and transform old dataset obtaining a new dataset in which year influences are minimized and soil effects are maximized. Statistical analysis showed the influence of soil composition on phenolic molecules which are responsible of aromatic and nutraceutical properties. NMR and HPLC methodologies were confirmed as an important tools for characterizing virgin olive oil and determining the influence of environmental factors on oil quality.
METABOLOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON SARDINIAN OLIVE OIL COMPOSITION
Antonio Dore;Maria Giovanna Molinu;
2018
Abstract
Virgin olive oils (VOOs) merceological, sensorial, and nutritional quality factors have been widely investigated in the last decades. While the effects of genetic, transformation related and agronomic factors on quality oil production seem clear, more uncertainties or discordant results show the influence of cultivation environment and, in particular, of soil characteristics and climatic conditions [1,2]. We present the research results of the last three years on chemical and nutritional characteristics of monovarietal VOOs of some of the varieties included in the PDO 'Sardegna'. Within these varieties, genetic groups expressed some specific characteristics (phenolic profile, fatty acid or sterolic composition) and may contribute in different way to the quality of VOOs: high content of polar phenols, particularly secoiridoids; high content in oleic acid and MUFA/PUFA ratio. Local cultivars have proved also to be a good source of squalene and sterols. Furthermore, datasets of specific cultivars were analyzed to verify the influence cultivation environment on VOOs quality. VOOs from Sardinia (Italy) were studied through an NMR-based metabolomics approach, in order to distinguish the samples based on the olive growing areas, classified on the basis of FAO-UNEP. NMR profiling presents a connection between environmental factors of Sardinian cultivation areas and the chemical composition of EVOO. An NMR-based metabolomic approach that uses six "one-to-one" OPLS-DA models allowed us to discriminate the different influence of evapotranspiration, solar exposure, and altitude on the chemical composition of VOOs [3]. Regarding the influence of soil composition on quality oil, statistical filtering was used to identify year influence on data, and transform old dataset obtaining a new dataset in which year influences are minimized and soil effects are maximized. Statistical analysis showed the influence of soil composition on phenolic molecules which are responsible of aromatic and nutraceutical properties. NMR and HPLC methodologies were confirmed as an important tools for characterizing virgin olive oil and determining the influence of environmental factors on oil quality.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
