Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) represents for Italian horticulture one of the most economically important species, characterized by a wide genetic panorama. Some tomato landraces and/or cultivars with differently coloured fruits are appreciated by final consumer for their organoleptic characteristics, but the low resistance of these genetic material to telluric parasites constitutes difficulties to their diffusion, mainly under organic farming system. The identification of rootstocks could represent a useful strategy to overcome these obstacles. With this aim, two tomato cultivars 'Belmonte Calabrese Rosa' (Italy Agriculture) and 'Marmande' (R. La Rosa), characterized by large sized fruits grafted on three rootstocks 'Securforce F1', 'Unifort F1' and 'Interpro F1' grown in open air (1.25 plants m-2) under organic crop system have been evaluated for their production and qualitative characteristics of fruits. The rootstocks 'Securforce F1' was also evaluated on two cultivars 'Green Tiger' and 'Teton De Venus', characterized by small green fruit with yellow stilar apex area and the latter by orange long type and three accessions of the tomato Di3A UNICT germplasm collection namely 'TE 1731'- 'TE 1936' - 'TE 1945', characterized by color of the fruits from green to purple during ripening time turn in black at its end thanks to the high content of anthocyanins. Despite the low yields obtained, due to the high temperatures recorded (>35°C) during the flowering period of different clusters, all genetic materials have highlighted positive interactions due to the rootstock used, except 'TE1945'. The genotype "Green Tiger" showed greater adaptability to the recorded sub-optimal thermal conditions. The use of 'Unifort F1' has doubled the yields in Belmonte (203 q ha-1) and Marmande (254 q ha-1), that generally appeared to be the most productive. The small fruit cultivars showed yields close to 200 q ha-1. Grafting did not influenced the qualitative parameters of the fruits (color, size, number of loggias, content in dry matter, soluble solids and antioxidant compounds). 'Green Tiger' recorded the highest content of soluble solids (8.5° Bx) and TPC (1.15 mg g-1 of gallic acid). Interaction "rootstocks" x "genotype" was observed for antioxidant compounds content.
Effect of the grafting on yield and quality characteristics of different genotypes of tomato under organic farming system
Melilli MG;Argento S
2021
Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) represents for Italian horticulture one of the most economically important species, characterized by a wide genetic panorama. Some tomato landraces and/or cultivars with differently coloured fruits are appreciated by final consumer for their organoleptic characteristics, but the low resistance of these genetic material to telluric parasites constitutes difficulties to their diffusion, mainly under organic farming system. The identification of rootstocks could represent a useful strategy to overcome these obstacles. With this aim, two tomato cultivars 'Belmonte Calabrese Rosa' (Italy Agriculture) and 'Marmande' (R. La Rosa), characterized by large sized fruits grafted on three rootstocks 'Securforce F1', 'Unifort F1' and 'Interpro F1' grown in open air (1.25 plants m-2) under organic crop system have been evaluated for their production and qualitative characteristics of fruits. The rootstocks 'Securforce F1' was also evaluated on two cultivars 'Green Tiger' and 'Teton De Venus', characterized by small green fruit with yellow stilar apex area and the latter by orange long type and three accessions of the tomato Di3A UNICT germplasm collection namely 'TE 1731'- 'TE 1936' - 'TE 1945', characterized by color of the fruits from green to purple during ripening time turn in black at its end thanks to the high content of anthocyanins. Despite the low yields obtained, due to the high temperatures recorded (>35°C) during the flowering period of different clusters, all genetic materials have highlighted positive interactions due to the rootstock used, except 'TE1945'. The genotype "Green Tiger" showed greater adaptability to the recorded sub-optimal thermal conditions. The use of 'Unifort F1' has doubled the yields in Belmonte (203 q ha-1) and Marmande (254 q ha-1), that generally appeared to be the most productive. The small fruit cultivars showed yields close to 200 q ha-1. Grafting did not influenced the qualitative parameters of the fruits (color, size, number of loggias, content in dry matter, soluble solids and antioxidant compounds). 'Green Tiger' recorded the highest content of soluble solids (8.5° Bx) and TPC (1.15 mg g-1 of gallic acid). Interaction "rootstocks" x "genotype" was observed for antioxidant compounds content.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
