Stratigraphic constraints for the 3D modeling of the Tevere Alluvial Valley beneath Rome (Italy)

Understanding the complex three-dimensional (3D) architecture of Quaternary alluvial deposits beneath modern urbanized alluvial plains is useful for defining the basin evolution and the rock property distribution, and for assessing and mitigating possible geohazards. This study proposes an integrated methodological approach to reconstruct the complex stratigraphic setting of the Tevere valley in the subsoil of Rome city. We analyzed and elaborated stratigraphic data from 129 boreholes and 24 cone penetration tests. The available data were elaborated applying a kriging geostatistical algorithm in a geological-geophysical modeling software. The model defines the spatial distribution of primary architectural elements within the late Quaternary units of the Tevere River valley, establishing spatio-temporal relationships and evolutionary trends of the alluvial succession. This modeling approach helps in bridging the gap between the conceptual sedimentary models established for the Holocene Tevere alluvial succession and real-world geological challenges. Moreover, it may serve as a pivotal tool for evaluating and managing subsurface resources and mitigating geohazards in a densely populated area. The methodological approach proposed in this study can improve the 3D representation of sedimentary successions through an efficient and time-saving process.